PHASE 3:

 SYSTEMS DESIGN

Systems design consists of 3 tasks..

• Designing alternative systems
• Selecting the best system 

• Writing a systems design report

I will guide you

in order

to make you easy to

understand...

FIRST,

Please try to look at this below illustration..

This is just to make

you easier to keep in your mind

on 

how this systems design

works..

 

PHASE 2: 
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

At this phase,

data about the present system

is need

to be collected..

Why??

Becoz to make sure

you are determining

the requirements for a new system..

Look at this illustration below..

You can see

that 

there are a few steps

in guiding you

to make you being more understand

and

easy to memorize..

Let me explain more about this system....

1. Gather information.

You may start by talking with people

in areas that might be affected

by the new system. 

Learn about their operations and procedures. 

2. Analyze the information gathered.. 

Identifies numerous changes or

modifications that

may be required for

the expanded business model. 

There are several tools in analyzing the information.

it is including...:

• checklists
• top-down analysis
• grid charts
• decision tables and even
• system flowcharts

example of system flowchart

example of grid chart

example of an organization chart

example of decision table..

Discusses the findings and presents the documents that have been collected.

3. Report.

 Documenting the findings..

Prepare the systems analysis report that will be present for the higher management.

PHASE 1:

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

At this phase,

the information problems or needs

are to be identified.. 

Let I show you some procedures.. 

in order to guide,
conduct,

and

make you more understand..

 1st.

Start by writing a clear concise statement 
that describes the problem.

2nd.

Then,
identify some alternative systems
or ways
to address the problem.

3rd.

Again,
be concise.

4th.

Lastly,
prepare a two- or three-page report 
presenting the problem definition
and outlining
each of your alternative solutions. 

These can be illustrated
in an easy way..

like this below: 

System Analysis and Design

When I 1st time have seen this topic,

and its contents 

in the textbook (Computing Essentials Complete 2010),

Something have come out

in my mind..

Why there are so many flowcharts?? 

so many cycles??

and arrows??

Do we need to design so many flowcharts

in the coming final exam??

I'm not really sure.. 

but..

what I'm sure is

this topic will be ask for our exam

for coming soon in May..

Do you still remember

about the few chapters before??

can we said that

every chapter has a relation

with a system..

right??

A system is actually:

a collection of

activities

+

elements..

which both of them

are organized to..

accomplish a goal.

We had heard about many organizations outside there

had been closed and BEEN SITA

becoz..

they were BANKCRUPT..

OR

in the ran of  GENG Along..

in the

Buletin Utama TV3,..

Harian Metro,..

Berita Harian,.. 

and

even

Kosmo! ... 

I want to say that

this case maybe becourse they had not came out with a organized system..

MAY I?..

heheh..

actually,

if we had come up with

an effectively planning,

we can reduces the chances for such spectacular failures.. 

how??

I'm showing you..

a system analysis and design.

System analysis and design is a 6-phase problem-solving procedure.

they are make up to the making of system life cycle.

the phase are..

 

DATABASE MANAGEMENT(DBMS)

A database management system is actually a kind of a software..

It is use for creating, modifying and gaining access to the database..

It is popular with a short form DBMS..

DBMS consist of 5 subsystem..

1. DBSM engine
2. Data definition subsystem
3. Data manipulation subsystem
4. Application generation subsystem
5. Data administration subsystem

NEED FOR DATABASES..


There are many advantages in having databases..

1st, sharing information..

Information from one department can be readily shared with others..

In example, your id/matric card number..

In the cip, there are stored information and background about you.

The card is use in order to when need to be used such as when you want to enter a library..

2nd, for a security..

Users are given passwords/access only to the kind of information they need..

Thus, only the related department may have access to those information..other department may not..

3rd, less data redundancy..

Without a common database, individual department have to create and maintain their own data and data redundancy..

What is the data redundancy??

It is a common database problem in which data is duplicated and stored in different files.

4th, for the data integrity.. 

It is a database characteristics relating to the consistency and accuracy of data.

BATCH processing is.. 

A processing performed all at once on data that have been collected over time.

In a batch processing group of transactions collected over a period of time is collected, entered, processed and then the batch results are produced. 

Batch processing requires seperate programs for input, process and output. 

Batch processing..

(Batch Credit Cards)

It is an efficient way of processing high volume of data.
For example: Payroll system, Examination system and billing system.

But, instead of that...

I'm showing you about this..

Meanwhile,

REAL-TIME processing is..

online processing, resulting when data is processed at the same time a transaction occurs.

In a real time processing, there is a continual input, process and output of data.

Data has to be processed in a small stipulated time period (real time), otherwise it will create problems for the system.
For example: assembly the traffic lights.

HOW DATA BEING ORGANIZED??

In this world, there are billions of data presented..

With many of them, how can human classified and organized them??

To be easy, 

data is organized by the following groups :

• character
• field
• record
• table
• database

1. Character -  the most basic element.

A single letter, number, or special character, such as a punctuation mark or $. 
 

2. Field - a set of related characters
Each column of information within a record is called a field.
A field contains related information on a specific item like employee names within a company department.
 

 3. Record - a collection of related field

Each row of information in a database is a record.

Each record contains fields of data about some specific item, like employee name, address and phone, etc. 

A record represents a collection of attributes describing an entity.

4. Table - a collection of related table

5. Database - an integrated collection of related tables

 A collection of related information, like employee names, addresses and phone numbers.

It is organized in a way that a computer program can quickly select the desired pieces of information and display them for you.

 

KEYFIELD..

What is Keyfield?? 

Keyfield is the common field by which tables in a database are related to each other. 

This field uniquely identifies the record. 

For example in university databases, a key field is the social security number. 

Also known as Primary field or Primary key.

Database

anything that is collected information and organized is called Database. it can be easily to accessed, managed and update. database can be classified into types of bibliography, full text, numeric and images.


Computer database typically collection of data records or files, likes, sales transaction, inventories, product catalogue, and customers record or employees profiles.

www.wispals.org/subscriptions.php

Typically, a database manager provides users the capabilities of controlling read/write access, specifying report generation, and analyzing usage. Databases and database managers are prevalent in large mainframesystems, but are also present in smaller distributed workstation and mid-range systems such as the AS/400 and on personal computers. SQL (Structured Query Language) is a standard language for making interactive queries from and updating a database such as IBM's DB2, Microsoft's Access, and database products from Oracle, Sybase, and Computer Associates.

www.tech-faq.com/what-is-a-database.html

- you want more information abaout the database?? 

- want to know about the component, types of database?

you should learn on database wiki..., you also click on the link that had been highlight above...

Teach you HOW to Create a WEBSITE~~

  The different between webpage before that and this website is this website is under register and post on the real online~ that means all around the people can view your webpage through online, even you can start your own business~such as sell the tarts, cloths, contact lens, shoes and any online shopping website~however, you also can create the website for promote company products, food & drinks , services and so on~

i m showing you now how to do it~~!!

1st, you need to register a domain name ( need to purchase online,www.exabytes.my )

 ( http://www.exabytes.my/. from Google image, 21/03/2011 )

2nd, install WordPress/ Joomla inside your computer 1st then install again in your admin site. After you register and purchase your domain name, you will get your own admin login site such as, www.huiping.com/php.login. ,and it is only the admin will know the username, password, and access into the system.

Ok, for an example, if i open a website, then my website will be http://www.huiping.com/, when i buy a domain name : huiping.com, it will tel you :

YOUR WEBSITE : http://www.huiping.com/

YOUR ADMIN LOGIN PAGE : www.huiping.com/wp.login

YOUR USERNAME : XXXXX

PASSWORD : XXXXXX

You login as a admin, then reset the username and password , all activity can only be done /edited on admin page after you login. Hmm...normally the users will not know the login page, www.huiping.com/wp/login, they will just type http://www.huiping.com/.

3rd, use the WordPress/ Joomla find a suitable website template and install it.

Do you know what is WordPress and Joomal..?? It is a softwares used to create website, is an open source Content Management System (CMS), often used as a blog publishing application.

( example of WordPress, from Google image, 21/03/2011 )

 ( Joomla, from Google image, 21/03/2011 )

 （Wordpress vs Joomla, from Google image, 21/03/2011 )

4th, design the website layout , content, side bar, header, footer and so on. After that just click save and that's all.

Furthermore, if you want to keep track your website traffic, install Google Analytic in the website, it can help you to see how many people visit the website everyday or every month.

 ( Google Analytics, from Google image,21/03/2011 )

5th, promote your website become as popular as you can. But, how to promote..??you can pay money to google company to make your new website's ranking higher or you can promote it by putting your website back link to some famous websites.

Last, maintain the website by login to the admin site. 

You wan CREATE a new WEBPAGE for yourself..??oK~~! no problem~~

  Create a webpage is a simple way and easy~  

Do you have Microsoft Office Publisher inside your computer..??it is under the components of Microsoft Office, you can find it by clicking Start then choose all program and find Microsoft Office.

    

                                                    ( from Google image, 21/03/2011)

 After that, it will show the home page of Microsoft Office Publisher 2007.      

 ( from: Google image, 21/03/2011 )  

There are not only create a webpage but also have many others popular publication types, such as brochures, business card, calendar, greeting cards, newsletter, banners, e-mail, postcard and so on. Therefore, you can choose what types of publication that you want then choose the templates and design it~~!!

 

( Example for Business Cards, from Google image, 21/03/2011 )

 ( Examples templates for Calendar, from Google images, 21/03/2011 )

 ( Example of e-mail templates, from Google image, 21/03/2011 )

 ( Example of Webpage templates, from Google image, 21/03/2011 )

( Example of a complete Webpage after design, from Google image, 21/03/2011 )

Feel interesting..???? dont wait anymre~~just create and design your OWN WEBPAGE~~